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In the old times media formats were represented using a bit field. This was
fast but had a few limitations.
1. Asterisk was limited in how many formats it could handle.
2. Formats, being a bit field, could not include any attribute information.
A format was strictly its type, e.g., "this is ulaw".
This was changed in Asterisk 10 (see
https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/Media+Architecture+Proposal for
notes on that work) which led to the creation of the ast_format structure.
This structure allowed Asterisk to handle attributes and bundle information
with a format.
Additionally, ast_format_cap was created to act as a container for multiple
formats that, together, formed the capability of some entity. Another
mechanism was added to allow logic to be registered which performed format
attribute negotiation. Everywhere throughout the codebase Asterisk was
changed to use this strategy.
Unfortunately, in software, there is no free lunch. These new capabilities
came at a cost.
Performance analysis and profiling showed that we spend an inordinate
amount of time comparing, copying, and generally manipulating formats and
their related structures. Basic prototyping has shown that a reasonably
large performance improvement could be made in this area. This patch is the
result of that project, which overhauled the media format architecture
and its usage in Asterisk to improve performance.
Generally, the new philosophy for handling formats is as follows:
* The ast_format structure is reference counted. This removed a large amount
of the memory allocations and copying that was done in prior versions.
* In order to prevent race conditions while keeping things performant, the
ast_format structure is immutable by convention and lock-free. Violate this
tenet at your peril!
* Because formats are reference counted, codecs are also reference counted.
The Asterisk core generally provides built-in codecs and caches the
ast_format structures created to represent them. Generally, to prevent
inordinate amounts of module reference bumping, codecs and formats can be
added at run-time but cannot be removed.
* All compatibility with the bit field representation of codecs/formats has
been moved to a compatibility API. The primary user of this representation
is chan_iax2, which must continue to maintain its bit-field usage of formats
for interoperability concerns.
* When a format is negotiated with attributes, or when a format cannot be
represented by one of the cached formats, a new format object is created or
cloned from an existing format. That format may have the same codec
underlying it, but is a different format than a version of the format with
different attributes or without attributes.
* While formats are reference counted objects, the reference count maintained
on the format should be manipulated with care. Formats are generally cached
and will persist for the lifetime of Asterisk and do not explicitly need
to have their lifetime modified. An exception to this is when the user of a
format does not know where the format came from *and* the user may outlive
the provider of the format. This occurs, for example, when a format is read
from a channel: the channel may have a format with attributes (hence,
non-cached) and the user of the format may last longer than the channel (if
the reference to the channel is released prior to the format's reference).
For more information on this work, see the API design notes:
https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/Media+Format+Rewrite
Finally, this work was the culmination of a large number of developer's
efforts. Extra thanks goes to Corey Farrell, who took on a large amount of the
work in the Asterisk core, chan_sip, and was an invaluable resource in peer
reviews throughout this project.
There were a substantial number of patches contributed during this work; the
following issues/patch names simply reflect some of the work (and will cause
the release scripts to give attribution to the individuals who work on them).
Reviews:
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3814
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3808
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3805
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3803
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3801
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3798
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3800
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3794
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3793
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3792
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3791
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3790
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3789
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3788
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3787
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3786
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3784
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3783
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3778
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3774
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3775
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3772
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3761
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3754
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3753
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3751
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3750
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3748
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3747
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3746
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3742
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3740
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3739
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3738
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3737
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3736
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3734
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3722
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3713
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3703
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3689
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3687
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3674
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3671
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3667
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3665
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3625
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3602
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3519
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3518
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3516
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3515
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3512
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3506
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3413
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3410
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3387
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3388
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3389
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3390
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3321
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3320
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3319
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3318
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3266
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3265
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3234
https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/3178
ASTERISK-23114 #close
Reported by: mjordan
media_formats_translation_core.diff uploaded by kharwell (License 6464)
rb3506.diff uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
media_format_app_file.diff uploaded by kharwell (License 6464)
misc-2.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
chan_mild-3.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
chan_obscure.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
jingle.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
funcs.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
formats.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
core.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
bridges.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
mf-codecs-2.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
mf-app_fax.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
mf-apps-3.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
media-formats-3.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
ASTERISK-23715
rb3713.patch uploaded by coreyfarrell (License 5909)
rb3689.patch uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
ASTERISK-23957
rb3722.patch uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
mf-attributes-3.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
ASTERISK-23958
Tested by: jrose
rb3822.patch uploaded by coreyfarrell (License 5909)
rb3800.patch uploaded by jrose (License 6182)
chan_sip.diff uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
rb3747.patch uploaded by jrose (License 6182)
ASTERISK-23959 #close
Tested by: sgriepentrog, mjordan, coreyfarrell
sip_cleanup.diff uploaded by opticron (License 6273)
chan_sip_caps.diff uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
rb3751.patch uploaded by coreyfarrell (License 5909)
chan_sip-3.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
ASTERISK-23960 #close
Tested by: opticron
direct_media.diff uploaded by opticron (License 6273)
pjsip-direct-media.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
format_cap_remove.diff uploaded by opticron (License 6273)
media_format_fixes.diff uploaded by opticron (License 6273)
chan_pjsip-2.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
ASTERISK-23966 #close
Tested by: rmudgett
rb3803.patch uploaded by rmudgetti (License 5621)
chan_dahdi.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
ASTERISK-24064 #close
Tested by: coreyfarrell, mjordan, opticron, file, rmudgett, sgriepentrog, jrose
rb3814.patch uploaded by rmudgett (License 5621)
moh_cleanup.diff uploaded by opticron (License 6273)
bridge_leak.diff uploaded by opticron (License 6273)
translate.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
rb3795.patch uploaded by rmudgett (License 5621)
tls_fix.diff uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
fax-mf-fix-2.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
rtp_transfer_stuff uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
rb3787.patch uploaded by rmudgett (License 5621)
media-formats-explicit-translate-format-3.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
format_cache_case_fix.diff uploaded by opticron (License 6273)
rb3774.patch uploaded by rmudgett (License 5621)
rb3775.patch uploaded by rmudgett (License 5621)
rtp_engine_fix.diff uploaded by opticron (License 6273)
rtp_crash_fix.diff uploaded by opticron (License 6273)
rb3753.patch uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
rb3750.patch uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
rb3748.patch uploaded by rmudgett (License 5621)
media_format_fixes.diff uploaded by opticron (License 6273)
rb3740.patch uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
rb3739.patch uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
rb3734.patch uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
rb3689.patch uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
rb3674.patch uploaded by coreyfarrell (License 5909)
rb3671.patch uploaded by coreyfarrell (License 5909)
rb3667.patch uploaded by coreyfarrell (License 5909)
rb3665.patch uploaded by mjordan (License 6283)
rb3625.patch uploaded by coreyfarrell (License 5909)
rb3602.patch uploaded by coreyfarrell (License 5909)
format_compatibility-2.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
core.diff uploaded by file (License 5000)
git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@419044 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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from dialplan.
(closes issue ASTERISK-17136)
Reported by: kenner
git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@374096 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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This patch is the foundation of an entire new way of looking at media in Asterisk.
The code present in this patch is everything required to complete phase1 of my
Media Architecture proposal. For more information about this project visit the link below.
https://wiki.asterisk.org/wiki/display/AST/Media+Architecture+Proposal
The primary function of this patch is to convert all the usages of format
bitfields in Asterisk to use the new format and format_cap APIs. Functionally
no change in behavior should be present in this patch. Thanks to twilson
and russell for all the time they spent reviewing these changes.
Review: https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/1083/
git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@306010 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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This patch adds 'const' tags to a number of Asterisk APIs where they are appropriate (where the API already demanded that the function argument not be modified, but the compiler was not informed of that fact). The list includes:
- CLI command handlers
- CLI command handler arguments
- AGI command handlers
- AGI command handler arguments
- Dialplan application handler arguments
- Speech engine API function arguments
In addition, various file-scope and function-scope constant arrays got 'const' and/or 'static' qualifiers where they were missing.
Review: https://reviewboard.asterisk.org/r/251/
git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@196072 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/branches/1.4
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r79334 | file | 2007-08-13 18:57:20 -0300 (Mon, 13 Aug 2007) | 2 lines
Instead of accepting a single DTMF character accept a full string.
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git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@79335 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/branches/1.4
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r79207 | file | 2007-08-13 11:51:09 -0300 (Mon, 13 Aug 2007) | 2 lines
Add an API call to allow the engine to know that DTMF was received.
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git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@79208 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/branches/1.4
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r77831 | file | 2007-07-31 13:17:09 -0300 (Tue, 31 Jul 2007) | 2 lines
Add a flag to the speech API that allows an engine to set whether it received results or not.
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git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@77833 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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universal mod to make ast_flags a 64 bit thing. Instead, I added a 64-bit version of ast_flags (ast_flags64), and 64-bit versions of the test-flag, set-flag, etc. macros, and an app_parse_options64 routine, and I use these in app_dial alone, to eliminate the 30-option limit it had grown to meet. There is room now for 32 more options and flags. I was heavily tempted to implement some of the other ideas that were presented, but this solution does not intro any new versions of dial, doesn't have a different API, has a minimal/zero impact on code outside of dial, and doesn't seriously (I hope) affect the code structure of dial. It's the best I can think of right now. My goal was NOT to rewrite dial. I leave that to a future, coordinated effort.
git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@75983 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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run on peer. Had to upgrade ast_flag stuff to 64 bits to do this.
git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@75400 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@74616 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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to the engine. The best format will try to be chosen with an ultimate fallback to signed linear if possible.
git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@74570 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@74551 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/branches/1.4
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r66775 | russell | 2007-05-31 13:41:58 -0500 (Thu, 31 May 2007) | 3 lines
Change a couple of header files to not use "new", which is a reserved keyword
in C++. (issue #9830, reported by osk)
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git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@66776 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@60363 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/branches/1.4
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r60361 | file | 2007-04-05 22:14:00 -0300 (Thu, 05 Apr 2007) | 2 lines
Add support for returning different types of results (ie: NBest).
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git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@60362 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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directly and use specific functions of the connector even if a generic API call is not available
git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@37881 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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dialplan functions, and some other misc things.
git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@19645 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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API! I wonder what we can do with this now...
git-svn-id: https://origsvn.digium.com/svn/asterisk/trunk@18979 65c4cc65-6c06-0410-ace0-fbb531ad65f3
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